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Alfalfa
Alfalfa has been used by the Chinese since the sixth century to treat kidney stones as well as relieve fluid retention and swelling. It is a perennial herb that grows throughout the world in a variety of climates. Alfalfa grows to about 3 feet and has blue-violet flowers that bloom from July to September.

First discovered by the Arabs, they dubbed this valuable plant the "father of all foods." They fed alfalfa to their horses claiming it made their animals swift and strong. The leaves of the alfalfa plant are rich in minerals and nutrients, including calcium, magnesium, potassium, and carotene (useful against both heart disease and cancer). The leaves of this remarkable legume also contain eight essential amino acids. Leaf tablets are rich in protein, Vitamin E, and Vitamin K. Another use for Alfalfa is as an extract by food makers for a source of chlorophyll and carotene.

Along with this, Alfalfa can help lower cholesterol, balance hormones, promote pituitary gland function, act as a diuretic, eases inflammation, and contains an antifungal agent. Alfalfa alkalizes and detoxifies the body. It also is good for anemia, bone and joint disorders, colon and digestive disorders, skin disorders, and ulcers. Alfalfa has shown to be beneficial in preventing colon cancer as well.

Aloe Vera
Aloe is a perennial succulent native to East and South Africa. It is cultivated in the West Indies and other tropical countries. The tissue in the center of the Aloe leaf contains a gel that yields Aloe gel or Aloe Vera gel. This is the part of the leaf actually responsible for the plant's healing properties. When applied externally, Aloe Vera restores skin tissues and may aid in the healing of burns and sores. It can also be used on blemishes and dandruff. When used cosmetically, Aloe Vera softens the skin. Aloe Vera is also taken internally for stomach disorders. Dried Aloe latex, a substance derived from the leaf, is a strong laxative. Physicians have used Aloe for x-ray burns, sunburn, chemical burns, first degree burns, traumatized tissue, decibitus ulcers or bedsores, skin inflammation, stomach ulcers, herpes simplex, periodontal surgery, insect bites and stings, irritating plant stings, and other minor skin manifestations. Aloe has shown outstanding results in treating facial edema (swelling). When used as a mouth rinse, it was effective for cold spores and lockjaw.

Some of the other health applications people use Aloe Vera for are as follows: amenorrhea, asthma, inflamed or diseased breasts, burns, bursitis, colds, colic, conjunctivitis, constipation, coughs, dys-menorrhea, dysentery with bloody stools, ear infections, eye problems, fat and sugar metabolism, fever, gonorrhea, heart pain, hemorrhoids, hepatitis, herpes, infant pneumonia, insomnia, worms, jaundice, kidney disorders, enlarged liver, menopause, rheumatism, skin inflammations, skin rashes, sores, sore throat, enlarged spleen, toothache, TB and other lung diseases, tumors, chronic ulcers, vaginitis, and venereal diseases.

Amica
Arnica is also commonly called leopard's bane. The Arnica plant has a bright yellow, daisy-like flower that blooms around July. Preparations made from the flowering heads have been used in homeopathic medicine for hundreds of years. It is very popular in Germany and over 100 drug preparations are made from the plant. Arnica is a perennial that is protected in parts of Europe. The active components in Arnica are sesquiterpene lactones, which are known to reduce inflammation and decrease pain. Other active principals are thymol (an essential oil), flavonoids, insulin, carotenoids, and tannins. Arnica works by stimulating the activity of white blood cells that perform much of the digestion of congested blood as well as by dispersing trapped, disorganized fluids from bumped and bruised tissue, joints, and muscles.

Other known health applications for Arnica: it is used to stimulate blood circulation and raise blood pressure, especially in the coronary arteries. When used externally, the plant helps with arthritis, burns, ulcers, eczema, and acne. Amica has anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory qualities that can reduce pain and swelling and improve wound healing. It is typically rubbed on the skin to soothe and heal bruises, sprains, and relieve irritations from trauma, arthritis, and muscle or cartilage pain. Applied as a salve, Arnica is also good for chapped lips, irritated nostrils, and acne.

Astragalus
Astragalus is native to northern China and the elevated regions of the Chinese provinces of Yunnan and Sichuan. The portion of the plant used medicinally is the four-year-old to seven-year-old dried root that is collected in the spring. While there are over 2,000 types of Astragalus worldwide, the Chinese version has been extensively tested, both chemically and pharmacologically. This special herb contains numerous components, including flavonoids, polysaccharides, triterpene glycosides (e.g., astragalosides I-VII), amino acids, and trace minerals. Another benefit of Astragalus is that it appears to restore T-cell (a specific type of white blood cell) counts to relatively normal ranges in some cancer patients.

Shen Nong, the founder of Chinese herbal medicine, classified Astragalus as a superior herb in his classical treatise Shen Nong Pen Tsao Ching (circa A.D. 100). The Chinese name "huang qi" translates as "yellow leader," referring to the yellow color of the root and its status as one of the most important tonic herbs. Traditional Chinese medicine utilized this herb for night sweats, deficiency of chi (e.g., fatigue, weakness, and loss of appetite), and diarrhea.

Astragalus also seems to act as an immune tonic, a diuretic, a means to lower blood pressure, and a Qi tonic. It has been found useful for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, chemotherapy support, common cold and sore throat, and immune function. As a primary herb used in Chinese medicine, Astragalus seems to tone the immune system of the lungs. It is useful for conditions of immune deficiency that lead to spontaneous sweating. It is also used for spleen deficiency with those containing symptoms of being weak, having low metabolism, and edema. It can assist with blood deficiencies caused by situations creating the loss of blood, especially after childbirth.

Barley Grass
Barley Grass is one of the green grasses - the only vegetation on the earth that can supply sole nutritional support from birth to old age. A very hardy plant, Barley can be grown under a greater variety of climatic conditions than any other grain and is a polar variety that is grown within the Arctic Circle and in Europe. It has served as a food staple in most cultures and the use of Barley for food and medicinal purposes dates to antiquity. Agronomists place this ancient cereal grass as being cultivated as early as 7000 BC. History records that the Roman gladiators ate Barley for strength and stamina and the West was the first known area for the Barley grain it produced.

There are astounding amounts of vitamins and minerals found in green Barley leaves. The leaves have an ability to absorb nutrients from the soil, so when Barley leaves are 12-14 inches high, they contain many vitamins, minerals, and proteins necessary for the human diet, plus chlorophyll. These are easily assimilated throughout the digestive tract, giving our bodies instant access to vital nutrients. These nutrients include potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, copper, phosphorus, manganese, zinc, beta carotene, Vitamin B-1, Vitamin B-2, Vitamin B-6, Vitamin C, folic acid, and pantothenic acid. It has been discovered that green Barley juice contains 11 times the calcium in cows' milk, nearly five times the iron in spinach, 7 times the Vitamin C in oranges, and 80 mg. of Vitamin B-12 per hundred grams. Barley also contains a-glucan, a fiber found in oat bran and reported to reduce cholesterol levels. The root contains the alkaloid hordenine, which stimulates peripheral blood circulation and has been used as a broncheodilator for bronchitis. Barley bran, like wheat bran, may be effective in protecting against the risk of cancer.

Barley is a widely cultivated grain that is used as a food and in the brewing process. The part utilized is the grain which is left when the Barley hull is removed. Along with this, it is an additive for human and animal cereal foods. It also makes a flavorful flour for use in baking breads and muffins.

Bee Pollen
Bee Pollen contains the male gametes of plants found as small dust pellets in the stamen of flowers. It is gathered from pollen laden bees with a special device placed at the entrance of the hive designed to brush the material from their hind legs. Bee Pollen has been called nature's perfect food. It is very rich in vitamins and contains almost all known minerals, trace elements, enzymes, and amino acids. It contains the essence of every plant from which bees collect pollen, in combination with digestive enzymes from the bees. A popular nutritional supplement, it builds the immune system and provides energy for the entire body. It contains 35% protein, 55% carbohydrate, 2% fatty acids, and 3% minerals and vitamins. Bee Pollen is high in B-complex and Vitamins A, C, D, and E. It also contains lecithin, beta-carotene, and selenium. This combination of elements makes Bee Pollen an excellent source of anti-oxidants. Research studies and clinical tests have demonstrated that Bee Pollen has an immunizing effect, enhances vitality, and can counteract the effects of radiation and chemical toxins.

Athletes often use this supplement to help increase their strength, endurance, energy, and speed. Bee Pollen aids the body in recovering from exercise, returning breathing and heart rate to normal, and improving the endurance for repeat exertion. It provides energy, stamina, and strength as well as improving the mental and physical reactions. Those who do taxing mental work also can see benefits from this natural energy food. Bee Pollen can relieve brain fatigue and improve alertness. This can increase your capacity for intense concentration and enable longer periods of work without becoming tired. Stress can use up vitamins quickly and Bee Pollen can relieve stress and anxiety by replacing essential nutrient reserves in the body.

As well, many people with allergies have found relief by ingesting Bee Pollen. It reduces the production of histamine that can cause allergic responses, such as hay fever, and can strengthen the respiratory system by provide protein that can help the body build a natural defense shield against allergic responses. Bee Pollen also has an effect on blood pressure and sexual function. People who suffer from low blood pressure can be subject to deficiencies in the sex glands. Bee Pollen increases blood pressure especially when taken with kelp and may increase hormone levels as well as sexual strength. Weight loss may occur as lecithin, an ingredient in Bee Pollen, increases the speed calories are burned and stabilizes poor metabolism. Bee Pollen aids in the digestive process and the assimilation of nutrients, plus it may relieve anemia, cerebral hemorrhage, colitis, and constipation. All and all, this natural tonic food is a popular energy booster, strengthens the immune system, and enhances vitality.

Bilberry
Bilberry is a perennial, ornamental shrub that is commonly found in various climates in damp woodlands and moorlands. In the United States, Bilberry is commonly known as huckleberries and there are over 100 species with similar names and fruit throughout the Europe, Asia, and North America. The English call them whortleberries. The Scots know them as blaeberries; however, Bilberry has been used as a medicinal herb since the 16th century in various parts of the world.

There are many uses for Bilberry. It is helpful in connection with vascular and blood disorders and shows positive effects when treating varicose veins, thrombosis, and angina. Bilberry's fruit contains flavonoids and anthocyanin, which serve to prevent capillary fragility, thin the blood, and stimulate the release of vasodilators. Anthocyanin, a natural antioxidant, also lowers blood pressure, reduces clotting and improves blood supply to the nervous system. Bilberry contains glucoquinine that has the ability to lower blood sugar as well. This herb contains Vitamin A and Vitamin C, which provides antioxidant protection that can help prevent free radical damage to the eyes. Vitamin A is required for sharp vision while Vitamin C helps form collagen. Vitamin C is also needed for growth and repair of tissue cells along with the blood vessels. Anthocyanosides support and protect collagen structures in the blood vessels of the eyes. This assures strong, healthy capillaries that carry vital nutrients to the eye muscles and nerves. Bilberry has long been a remedy for poor vision and night blindness.

Other uses of Bilberry include a Bilberry tea that is employed to treat stomach problems and soothe the digestive tract, especially in the treatment of diarrhea and for the relief of nausea and indigestion. It also helps in the mild inflammation of the mucous membranes of the mouth and throat. The leaves and berries are utilized in the homeopathic treatment of diabetes. While Bilberries contain medicinal purposes, they are included in the making of jams, preserves, liqueurs, and wines for their flavor.

Black Cohosh
The early Native Americans used Black Cohosh to treat snakebite and a tea from the root is reputed to soothe sore throat. They also used the root to help ease complaints associated with the skeletal system. It is a traditional approach for many gynecological topics, including menstrual cramps, labor and delivery, and menstruation. When combined with other nervine herbs, it provides excellent soothing properties. Black Cohosh also nourishes the respiratory system. Traditionally, Black Cohosh has been used to calm the nervous system by nourishing blood vessels and balancing the hormones in menopausal women. Studies show it contains substances that bind to estrogen receptors. It has also been shown in lab experiments (in vitro) to inhibit microbial activity.

Basically, Black Cohosh is an herb sold as a dietary supplement in the United States that is used for hot flashes and other menopausal symptoms. Although preliminary evidence is encouraging, the current available data does not sufficiently support a recommendation on the use of Black Cohosh for menopausal symptoms. The National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) at the National Institutes of Health is funding a rigorous scientific study to determine whether treatment with Black Cohosh reduces the frequency and intensity of hot flashes and other menopausal symptoms. In 2001, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists statedÑprimarily on the basis of consensus and expert opinionÑthat Black Cohosh may be helpful in the short term (6 months or less) for women with vasomotor symptoms of menopause. Although few adverse events have been reported, long-term safety data is not available.

Historically, Black Cohosh was used in North American Indian medicine for malaise, gynecological disorders, kidney disorders, malaria, rheumatism, and sore throat. It was also used for colds, cough, constipation, hives, backache, and to induce lactation. In 19th-century America, Black Cohosh was a home remedy used for rheumatism and fever, as a diuretic, and to bring on menstruation. It was extremely popular among a group of alternative practitioners who called Black Cohosh "macrotys" and prescribed it for rheumatism, lung conditions, neurological conditions, and conditions that affected women's reproductive organs (including menstrual problems, inflammation of the uterus or ovaries, infertility, threatened miscarriage, and relief of labor pains).

Black Currant
Black Currant is a deciduous Eurasian shrub that is found in various parts of the world. Traditionally, Black Currant was used in Europe for the leaves as a diuretic and as a gargle for sore throats. Since the berries could be made into a juice, Black Currant was prepared as a drink to help those suffering with colds as well as the flu. Various parts of Black Currant can be used - the actual berries, the seed oil, and leaves; therefore, Black Currant has been found to have many ways to utilize its' medicinal treatments. The active ingredients within this herb are Linoleic acid, gama Linolenic acid (GLA), and alpha Linoleic acid.

Currently, the oil of the Black Currant seed is generally used today. Black Currant seed oil is a rich source of essential fatty acids. These fatty acids are converted in the body to prostaglandin, which is necessary for fighting infection. Many women have also found this Black Currant seed oil to reduce breast tenderness associated with the symptoms of PMS.

Black Walnut
Black Walnut hulls, also known as Juglans nigra, contain a substance that helps the body eliminate parasites. Although this may be the primary purpose or use of this substance, it is also utilized for the treatment of poison oak, ringworm, and other skin ailments. Black Walnut is a powerful astringent and anti-fungal herb that may be used for expelling worms, parasites, candida, canker sores, cold sores, fungus, tuberculosis, herpes, eczema, and more. It contains rich organic iodine and tannins that contain strong antiseptic properties. Also shown to have oxygenating abilities, Black Walnut may help burn up excess toxins and fatty materials to cleanse the blood. It has been indicated for the treatment of a variety of skin problems and this herb is included in Hulda Clark's anti-parasite program. The antifungal-properties of Black Walnut have been known to promote bowel regularity as well.

Blessed Thistle
Although native to Europe and Asia, Blessed Thistle is now cultivated in many areas of the world, including the United States. The leaves, stems, and flowers are all used in herbal preparations. An annual herb, the stem grows to about 2 feet tall. The lance-shaped leaves have a spiny edge and may be either lobed or cleft (deeply cut). The plant produces numerous yellow flowers during May through August that are arranged in a head at the tip of a branch or stem. The herbal-active compounds within Blessed Thistle include sesquiterpene lactones, which provides the main beneficial effects of Blessed Thistle. It is the bitterness of these compounds that stimulates digestive activity, including the flow of saliva and secretion of gastric juice. This leads to improved appetite and digestion. There is also some evidence that Blessed Thistle has anti-inflammatory properties.

Folk medicine utilized Blessed Thistle tea for digestive problems, including gas, constipation, and stomach upset. Along with that, this herb was used for treating liver and gallbladder diseases in a similar way as its well-known relative, Milk Thistle. Monks once grew Blessed Thistle as a cure for small pox. Early herbalists believed that this herb was a cure-all. They noted that the plant could prevent and cure headache, provoke sweat, help memory, strengthen the heart and stomach, and cure external problems such as festering sores, boils, and the itch. Nineteenth century herbalists prescribed Blessed Thistle as an infusion, or tea, made from the plant tops for the treatment of fevers along with liver and respiratory ailments.

Blessed Thistle may be useful in the treatment of indigestion and heartburn as well as poor appetite. In herbal medicine today, Blessed Thistle is promoted as a contraceptive, to treat cancer, and other health situations including infections, heart and liver ailments, and fevers. It is such a good blood purifier that some say drinking a cup of thistle tea twice a day will cure chronic headaches. Also, it is used for stomach and digestive problems, gas in the intestines, constipation, and liver troubles. Many have found it to be effective for dropsy, strengthening the heart, and good for the liver, lungs, and kidneys. It is claimed that the warm tea given to mothers will produce a good supply of milk and is also said to be good for girls entering womanhood as a good tonic. Blessed Thistle is relatively safe and free from side effects; however, anyone with allergies to plants in the daisy family should use Blessed Thistle cautiously.

Blue Cohosh
When the Indian women used Blue Cohosh, they knew very little about its chemistry. Today's herbalist, joined by the scientists in pharmacognosy, continue to study Blue Cohosh as a plant precursor to cortisone. Also called Papoose Root or Squawroot, Blue Cohosh is a perennial that does not like open fields and dry roadsides. Instead, it grows in moist, shady areas to become about two feet tall. It has a greenish-purple flower in May and June and the part of the plant that is used for an extract is the root. Roots are collected and dried in the fall. Blue Cohosh grows from Southeastern Canada to the Carolinas.

Now herbalists utilize Blue Cohosh for several reasons. The main use would be related to the female reproductive system. It is said to relieve spasms and cramps and to help normal uterine action and contraction. Another reported function of Blue Cohosh extract is that it works as a diuretic. This would seem to be very helpful during the premenstrual and menstrual cycles of young women. Of course, the diuretic action makes this herb effective for other complaints. Used in combination with Comfrey and Meadow Sweet, this appears to form a mild sedative and a diuretic as well. It is assumed that this mixture helps to lower blood pressure and relieve tension. Blue Cohosh contains several minerals including potassium, an element usually reduced by synthetic diuretics.

Boswellia
Boswellia, also known as Shallaki or Boswellia serrata, is a natural and safe herb for optimum joint health. It has traditionally been used as an incense because of its fragrant properties. One of the active constituents in Boswellia is Boswellic Acid, which is a pyrazoline derivative shown to be very effective in supporting healthy joints as well as exhibiting anti-inflammatory activity in the gum resin. Like its cousin, Guggul, Boswellia has many cholesterol and triglyceride lowering properties.

Boswellia has been used extensively in Ayurveda for joint support and to provide an overall sense of wellbeing. Also known as "Salai Guggul," it is like its cousin, Guggul, in offering broad health and immunomodulating benefits. The gum resin is used as an ointment for sores and has anti-inflammatory, anti-atherosclerotic, and anti-arthritic activities. The nonphenolic fraction of the gum resin had marked sedative and analgesic action. This gum is a well-known household fumigant and is used as an anti-inflammatory agent when applied externally. Internally, besides being anti-arthritic, it has expectorant effects and can reduce body weight. In clinical trials, promising results were observed for patients suffering with rheumatoid arthritis, chronic colitis, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, bronchial asthma, and peritumoral brains edemas.

Bromelain
According to the North American Pharmacal, "pineapple has been used as a medicinal plant in several native cultures and Bromelain has been known chemically since 1876. Bromelain is a digestive enzyme found in the stem and fruit of the pineapple plant (Ananas comosus). It is best known as a digestive aid and for its anti-inflammatory effects in traumatic injuries and after surgery. Bromelain has also been used successfully to treat a number of disorders, including heart disease, arthritis, upper respiratory tract infection, and Peyronie's disease (a condition that affects the genito-urinary tract and can cause sexual dysfunction in men). Along with this, it has been used successfully to heal wounds caused by burns and to increase the actions of antibiotics.

Burdock
Burdock is one of the most valuable of medicinal plants. It is a wonderful blood purifier and cleansing tea for detoxification, making it valuable as a spring tonic tea. It is favored for helping the body maintain healthy skin, nourish the urinary and respiratory systems, and also nutritionally support joints and other skeletal tissues. Burdock is reported to promote glandular and hormonal balance as well as remove accumulations and deposits around the joints.

One of the functions of Burdock is to cleanse the liver by stimulating the flow of bile. The plant has been used for many purposes, including skin problems and as an antidote for poisonous foods, such as mushrooms. The leaves are an excellent tonic for the stomach, especially for ulcers and indigestion problems. This special Burdock tonic tea is prepared by using an ounce of the dried root or leaves to a pint and a half of water, and allowing it to simmer down to a pint.

Butcher's Boom
Butcher's Broom has been used extensively by European women for many years. The word of its beneficial properties for relief of bloating and feeling of "heaviness" has spread throughout. It is now recognized as a powerful vasoconstrictor. Butcher's Broom is also effective in the treatment against hemorrhoids, cramps, and varices.

Calendula
Calendula flowers were believed to be useful in reducing inflammation, wound healing, and as an antiseptic. It was actually used during the American Civil War to draw out infection in the soldiers. Calendula seems to help treat various skin diseases, ranging from skin ulcerations to eczema. Internally, the soothing effects of Calendula have been used for stomach ulcers and inflammation. A sterile tea has also been applied in cases of conjunctivitis. Historically, Calendula was found to be antispasmodic, aperient, cholagogue, diaphoretic, and vulnerary. An infusion of the flowers can be used for such gastrointestinal problems as ulcers, stomach cramps, colitis, and diarrhea. It is also useful when taken internally for fever, boils, abscesses, and to prevent recurrent vomiting. The fresh juice of the herb or flowers can substitute for the infusion. For external use, a good salve for wounds can be made from dried flowers or leaves, from the juice pressed out of the fresh flowers, or from the tincture. The salve or dilute tincture is good for bruises, sprains, pulled muscles, sores, and boils. A tincture of Calendula is used internally for gastritis and for menstrual difficulties.

The flavonoids, found in high amounts in Calendula, account for much of its anti-inflammatory activity. Triterpene saponins may also be important as well as the carotenoids contained in this substance. Investigations into anticancer and antiviral actions of Calendula are continuing. At this time, there is insufficient evidence to recommend clinical use of Calendula for the treatment of cancer; however, there is specific evidence suggesting use of Calendula for some viral infections. The constituents responsible for these actions are not entirely clear. Even still, it has also been found to be a remedy and treatment for wound healing, minor burns, sunburn, conjunctivitis, eczema, gastritis, injuries (minor), peptic ulcer, and ulcerative colitis.

Cascara Sagrada
Cascara Sagrada is used to help the body relieve constipation. Studies have shown that Cascara Sagrada is reputed not to be habit-forming. It also nutritionally supports the stomach, liver, pancreas, and gallbladder and acts as a cleansing agent in nourishing the colon. Others have found it to assist with digestion and help the body to eliminate worms and parasites.

Cat's Claw
A new botanical nutrient, Uncaria Tomentosa (Cat's Claw), is being called by many the "Miracle Herb from the Rain Forest of Peru." It has been drawing increasingly more interest among the proponents of natural health care. Recent studies have shown that the herb may be beneficial in the treatment of arthritis, bursitis, allergies, diabetes, lupus, chronic fatigue syndrome, cancer, herpes, organic depression, menstrual irregularities, degenerative diseases, and disorders of the stomach and intestines.

In referring to Cat's Claw, Newsweek reported that this "rain forest herb has been long used to treat asthma, ulcers, and cancer." ("Nature's Biggest Sellers", Newsweek, November 6, 1995, page 68). In an article in Newlife, this herb was described as having so many therapeutic uses that it far surpasses such well-known botanicals as Echinacea, Golden Seal, Astragalus, Siberian Ginseng, and Reishi and Shaitake mushrooms. ("Cat's Claw - A Wonder Herb from the Peruvian Rain Forest", Newlife, February, 1995). Dr. Brent Davis described Cat's Claw as "The Opener of the Way" in pertaining to its ability to detoxify the intestinal tract and to treat a variety of stomach and bowel disorders. (Cat's Claw News, May/June, 1995). The anti-inflammatory qualities of cat's claw have been found to be useful in the treatment of arthritis. (Journal of Natural Products, 54: Page 453, 1991; Arthritis News, 1: Summer, 1989)

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Cat's Claw is a tropical vine that grows in rainforest and jungle areas in South America and Asia. Some cultures refer to the plant as the "Sacred Herb of the Rain Forest". This vine gets its name from the small thorns at the base of the leaves, which looks like a cat's claw. These claws enable the vine to attach itself around trees climbing to heights up to 100 feet. The plant is considered a valuable medicinal resource and is protected in Peru. Although scientific research has just recently begun to explore Cat's Claw, many cultures native to the South American rain forest areas have used this herb for hundreds of years. Current studies show it may have positive effects on and can boost the body's immune system.

The active substances in Cat's Claw are alkaloids, tannins, and several other phytochemicals. Some of the alkaloids have been proven to boost the immune system. The major alkaloid rhynchophylline has anti-hypertensive effects and may reduce the risk of stroke and heart attack by lowering blood pressure, increasing circulation, reducing heart rate, and controlling cholesterol. Other constituents contribute anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. Many treatments combine the herb with different plants and natural products to increase the absorption and bioavailability. Cat's Claw has long been used as a homeopathic treatment for intestinal ailments. Other uses include the following: Crohn's disease, gastric ulcers and tumors, parasites, colitis, gastritis, diverticulitis, and leaky bowel syndrome. By stimulating the immune system, it can also improve response to viral and respiratory infections.

Cayenne Pepper
Cayenne Pepper is well known for its benefits to the circulatory system. It aids the body to balance pressure levels and resist abnormal bleeding. Cayenne also nourishes the digestive system. Many have found that this plant assists in the body's utilization of other herbs, when used in an herbal combination. When applied topically, it helps relieve minor discomfort.

Chamomile
This traditional home remedy is native to Europe and northwest Asia, and now grows in North America and other places as well. A small plant (8 to 16 inches in height), Chamomile sports little white and yellow flowers. It soothes the nerves and stomach as well as nourishes the respiratory tract. Chamomile also helps alleviate discomfort associated with menstrual problems, relieves inflammation and spasms, promotes wound healing, and fights bacteria.

Native to Eurasia and first used by ancient Egyptians, Chamomile (Matricia chamomilla) has daisy-like flowers and a long and storied history as a gentle, soothing herb. In traditional Gernan herbalism, Chamomile was so popular it was called alles zutrut, meaning "capable of anything." With its pleasing sweet apple aroma, it has always been one of the world's favorite teas. In addition, its fragrance makes Chamomile a pleasant addition to potpourris and aromatic dried flower arrangements. Cosmetically, Chamomile makes a wonderfully soothing bath, a penetrating facial, and it can be used to bring golden highlights to brown hair.

Chaste Berry
Chaste Berry has long been the herb of choice for easing women's monthly discomforts. Since Chaste Berry contains unique plant-derived nutrients that have special effects on women's health, it is one that is of vital importance. Also known by the names of Chaste Tree, Monk's Pepper, Hemp Tree, Indian Spice, Sage Tree, Vitex, and Agnus-castus, Chaste Berry has the effect of stimulating and normalizing pituitary gland functions, especially in its progesterone function.

Having a reputation as both an aphrodisiac and an anaphrodisiac, Chaste Berry will usually enable whatever is appropriate to occur. The greatest use of Chaste Berry lies in normalizing the activity of female sex hormones, and it is thus indicated for dysmenorrhoea, premenstrual stress, and other disorders related to hormone function. It is especially beneficial during menopausal changes. In a similar way, Chaste Berry may be used to aid the body in regaining a natural balance after the prolonged use of birth control pills. Chaste Berry improves the production of progesterone, increases luteinizing hormones and prolactin, and inhibits the release of follicle stimulating hormone. It can help normalize the menses, shortening a long cycle or lengthening a short one. Also, helps to normalize the functions of the pituitary gland. A study conducted in London (double blind study) showed a 60% group reduction or elimination of PMS symptoms such as anxiety, nervous tension, insomnia, or mood changes from subjects who were taking Chaste Berry capsules daily.

Chick Weed
Chick Weed, also known as Stellaria media, is useful on all skin aliments and poorly healing wounds. It is used as a skin moisturizer and toner as well as many other remedies. Chick Weed provides a nutritive effect for those taking it, acts as a restorative demulcent, and a diuretic. It regulates the thyroid and is especially effective for saponins (increasing cell membrane permeability) and lecithin (emulsifying and mobilizing fat).

CoEnzyme Q-10
CoEnzyme Q-10 is the cofactor of an enzyme. These enzymes are the protein substances that are found in all living things and are needed for tissue as well as cell building and repairing. Coenzyme Q-10 is an antioxidant that is the essential component of cellular energy. The highest concentrations of this substance are found in the heart and liver, which is synthesized in the body.

In normal aging, the body loses the ability to manufacture adequate amounts of CoEnzyme Q-10. Levels of CoEnzyme Q-10 can decline by as much as 80% as you age; therefore, it is thought that the decreased levels of CoEnzyme Q-10 brought on by aging may lead to age-related discomforts. Besides this, the heart needs a constant supply of energy for the continuous actions of pumping and contracting required for a healthy heart. Because the richest concentrations of CoEnzyme Q-10 are in the heart, preventing a deficiency by supplying the body with sufficient amounts may promote healthy activity and nourish the circulatory system. As many as 75% of heart patients are found to be deficient in CoEnzyme Q-10.

Other factors besides aging may deplete the body of CoEnzyme Q-10. These other factors may be affecting the body's ability to manufacture adequate amounts and increasing the risk of a deficiency. These other factors include poor eating habits, stress, and particular conditions such as an infection. A deficiency may also have a direct impact on many other body functions as well. Because high concentrations are also stored in the liver, maintaining an adequate supply of CoEnzyme Q-10 and preventing a deficiency may ensure that the body is properly nourished and performing at its peak.

Dandelion
The first mention of the Dandelion as a medicine is in the works of the Arabian physicians of the tenth and eleventh centuries, who speak of it as a sort of wild Endive, under the name of Taraxcacon. In this country, we find allusion to it in the Welsh medicines of the thirteenth century. Dandelion was much valued as a medicine in the times of Gerard and Parkinson, and is still extensively employed. Dandelion roots have long been used on the Continent, and the plant is cultivated largely in India as a remedy for liver complaints. Dandelion helps with disturbances in bile flow, loss of appetite, dyspepsia, and gastrointestinal complaints such as distention, flatulence, and indigestion.

The parts used medicinally include the root, fresh and dried, the young tops. All parts of the plant contain a somewhat bitter, milky juice (latex), but the juice of the root is still considered the most powerful part of the plant and most commonly used for medicinal purposes. Only large, fleshy and well-formed roots should be collected, from plants two years old, not slender, forked ones.

DHEA
DHEA is short for Dehydroepiandrosterone. It is the most abundant hormone produced by the adrenal glands and in the body, it is converted to testosterone and estrogen. Production of DHEA peaks in your early 20's, then declines about 10% every 10 years. This means that those in their 80's produce only 10 - 20% as much as they did in their 20's. DHEA is the only hormone that declines with age in both men and women, which signals age-related disease. DHEA is said to be effective in improving and preventing many age-related diseases, thus being seen as an anti-aging treatment.

Research indicates DHEA offers therapeutic effects in many chronic conditions including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, obesity, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, disorders of the immune system, depression, and osteoporosis. For each of the medical conditions listed above, there are many studies invariably demonstrating them to be associated with low blood levels of DHEA.

DHEA works in three important ways: it maintains normal sex hormone levels, inhibits the damaging effects of stress, and increases the production of antioxidant enzymes in the liver. Low levels of DHEA can lead to chronic fatigue, weakness, depression, headaches, and leave one susceptible to infections and disease. Its' effect on the immune system has led researchers to believe that DHEA may play an important role in fighting AIDS.

Advocates claim that DHEA supplements can improve mood, increase energy and libido, counteract the effects of stress, preserve muscle, strengthen the immune system, and prevent cancer and heart disease. The most immediate and lasting effects of supplementation is an elevated mood and sense of physical well-being. Another benefit of DHEA is its ability to help the body burn calories for energy rather than store them as fat. DHEA blocks an enzyme named G6PD (glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase) that is not only essential for fat tissue production but also promotes cancer cell growth.

Besides this, DHEA has anti-aging properties, because it counteracts the stress hormone, Cortisol, that cannibalizes our body and causes destruction of tissues causing rapid aging. French researcher, Dr. Emile-Etienne Baulieu, who isolated DHEA in the 60's, summed up the benefits of the hormone by stating, "DHEA won't make people live longer, but it will improve the quality of life over a longer period of time and will postpone some of the unpleasant effects of aging, such as fatigue and muscle."

Don Quai
Don Quai is an aromatic herb that grows in China, Korea, and Japan. The reputation of Don Quai is second only to Ginseng and is considered the ultimate, all-purpose woman's tonic herb. It is used for almost every gynecological complaint from regulating the menstrual cycle to treating menopausal symptoms caused by hormonal changes. Along with that, Don Quai is frequently used by the Chinese as a strengthening treatment for the heart, spleen, liver, and kidneys. Both men and women use the herb as a general blood tonic.

Don Quai contains Vitamins E, A and B-12. Researchers have isolated at least six coumarin derivatives that exert antispasmodic and vasodilatory effects. Antispasmodics are a remedy for menstrual cramps. Numerous other elements are found within Don Quai. The elements found can prevent spasms, reduce blood clotting, and relax peripheral blood vessels. Research has shown that Don Quai produces a balancing effect on estrogen activity as well. Modern treatments prescribe the herb to combat PMS and to help women resume normal menstruation after using birth control pills. Even still, it is not recommended to be taken during pregnancy, by women with excessive menstrual flow, or for people taking blood -thinning agents.

Constituents of Don Quai can act to stimulate the central nervous system which can remedy weakness and headaches associated with menstrual disorders. It strengthens internal reproductive organs, helps with endometriosis and internal bleeding or bruising, and also relieves menopausal conditions such as vaginal dryness and hot flashes. The herb has also been used as a blood purifier, to promote blood circulation and nourish the blood in both sexes. It is high in iron content and may help to prevent iron deficiency and anemia. Studies show that it can aid in regulating blood sugar and in lowering blood pressure. Don Quai has a mild sedative effect that can relieve stress and calm the nerves. It has also been used to stimulate the uterus during childbirth, treat insomnia, alleviate constipation, and relieve migraine headaches.

Echinacea
Resembling a black-eyed Susan, Echinacea or purple coneflower, is a North American perennial that is indigenous to the central plains where it grows along road banks, prairies, fields, and in dry, open woods. Also called "snake root," because it grows from a thick black root that Indians used to treat snakebites. Interestingly, the Plains Indians used various species of Echinacea to treat poisonous insect and snake bites, toothaches, sore throat, wounds, as well as mumps, smallpox, and measles. The settlers quickly adopted the therapeutic use of this plant, and since that time Echinacea has become one of the top-selling herbs in the United States. Since the early 1900's, hundreds of scientific articles have been written about the benefits of Echinacea; however, most of the research during the past 10 years has focused on the immunostimulant properties of the plant.

Herbalists consider Echinacea one of the best blood purifiers and an effective antibiotic. It activates the body's immune system increasing the chances of fighting off any disease. This popular herb has been used to help ward off the common cold and to relieve the symptoms of hay fever.

The constituents of Echinacea include essential oil, polysaccharides, polyacetylenes, betain, glycoside, sesquiterpenes, and caryophylene. It also contains copper, iron, tannins, protein, fatty acids, and Vitamins A, C, and E. The most important immune-stimulating components are the large polysaccharides, such as inulin, that increase the production of T-cells and increase other natural killer cell activity. Fat-soluble alkylamides and a caffeic acid glycoside (called echinacoside) also contribute to the herb's immune empowering effects. Along with this, it has been shown in animal and human studies to improve the migration of white blood cells to attack foreign microorganisms and toxins in the bloodstream. Research suggests that Echinacea's activity in the blood may have value in the defense of tumor cells.

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It has been found that Echinacea properties may offer benefit for nearly all infectious conditions. Studies show Echinacea prevents the formation of an enzyme that destroys a natural barrier between healthy tissue and damaging organisms. It is considered an effective therapeutic agent in many infectious conditions including upper respiratory infections, the common cold, and sinusitis. The herb is a mild antibiotic that is effective against staph and strep infections. Discovered to aid in the production of interferon, Echinacea increases antiviral activity against influenza (flu) and herpes (an inflammation of the skin and mouth). It may reduce the severity of symptoms such as runny nose, sore throat, and reduce the duration of illness.

Besides all of that, Echinacea's antibacterial properties can stimulate wound healing and are of benefit to skin conditions such as burns, insect bites, ulcers, psoriasis, acne, and eczema. Its' anti-inflammatory properties may relieve arthritis and lymphatic swelling, too. In homeopathy treatments, it is used for chronic fatigue syndrome, indigestion, gastroenteritis, and weight loss.

Elderberry
The American elder (canadensis), also known as Elderberry, is small tree that grows to 12 feet and is native to North America. The European elder (nigra) grows to 30 feet, is found throughout Europe, Asia, North Africa, and has been naturalized in the United States. This tree has been called "the medicine chest of the common people. The flowers, leaves, berries, bark, and roots have all been used in traditional folk medicine for centuries. The fruits have been used to make Elderberry wine, and when cooked, can be used in pies and jams. The berries contain more vitamin C than any other herb, except rosehips and black currant.

This herb has a long history dating beyond the stone ages. Egyptians discovered that applying its flowers improved the complexion and healed burns. Many early Indian tribes used Elderberry, and its variants, in teas and other beverages. In the 17th century, the British often drank home made wine and cordials that was thought to prolong life and cure the common cold.

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The berries from the Elder contain a considerable amount of Vitamins A, B, and C, as well as flavonoids, sugar, tannins, carotenoids, and amino acids. Warm Elderberry wine is a remedy for sore throat, influenza, and induces perspiration to reverse the effects of a chill. The juice from the berries is an old fashioned cure for colds, and is also said to relieve asthma and bronchitis. Infusions of the fruit are beneficial for nerve disorders, back pain, and have been used to reduce inflammation of the urinary tract and bladder. Raw berries have laxative and diuretic properties; however, the seeds are toxic and may induce vomiting and nausea. It is important to know that Elderberries are edible when cooked.

Elder leaves contain the flavonoids rutin and quercertin, alkaloids, Vitamin C, and sambunigrin, a cyanogenic glucoside. Fresh elder leaves also contain hydrocyanic acid, cane sugar, invertin, betulin, free fatty acids, and a considerable quantity of potassium nitrate. Elder flowers and elder flower water have been used in a variety of ways topically and as a tonic mixture. The primary uses of Elder flowers are as a mild astringent and in skin washes to refine the complexion and help relieve eczema, acne, and psoriasis. Flower water makes a soothing gargle and when strained makes an excellent eye wash. The leaves and flowers are a common ingredient in ointments and poultices for burns and scalds, swelling, cuts, and scrapes.

Eyebright
The flower of Eyebright, also known as Euphrasia and Ocularia, somewhat resembles a bloodshot eye, which may have been part of what led ancient peoples to value this plant for eye problems. An old French term for Eyebright was casse-lunettes, which means "break your glasses". The genus name, Euphrasia, is derived from the Greek Euphrosyne, who was one of the goddesses of the Three Fates, and whose name means "gladness". This refers to the gladness one felt when his/her vision was improved from using this herb. Eyebright was used primarily in the Middle Ages as a tonic because of its astringent properties; however, today Eyebright is used more frequently for relieving eye problems such as eye strain, pink eye, as well as inflamed, irritated, and sore eyes. As the name suggests, Eyebright is great for the eyes as an antioxidant herb that fights free-radical damage.

Eyebright contains bitters, essential oils, several B Vitamins, and Vitamins A, C, D, and E. Also, high in iridoid glycosides, flavonoids, and tannins, the plant has astringent properties that probably account for its usefulness as a topical treatment for inflammatory states and its ability to reduce mucous drainage. Eyebright's antibiotic and astringent properties tighten membranes and mucus surrounding the eyes, which effectively strengthen and improve circulation. Rich in vitamins A and C, Eyebright also contains tannins that are beneficial for reducing inflammation. Astringent properties found in Eyebright make it ideal for relieving excess mucus and infectious conditions generally associated with sinusitis allergies, colds and upper respiratory problems. It has recently been used for cleansing and purifying the blood, thus stimulating healthy liver functions.

Fennel
Fennel Seed is commonly used for the treatment of bronchitis and coughs, and as a tonic for the intestinal tract and female genitals. Others have found it to be an effective lactation aid. Fennel stimulates movement of food through the stomach and intestines. In higher doses, it puts a stop to intestinal spasms. Lab experiments have revealed substances in Fennel that show an ability to dry up respiratory phlegm and destroy germs.

The part of the fennel plant that is used medicinally is the dried seed and its oil. First grown in the Mediterranean region, it then spread to England, Germany, and Argentina. Today, it also grows in Iran, Iraq, and China. The plant's scientific name is from the Latin "foenum," which means hay. This name evolved into "Fanculum" during the Middle Ages, later becoming "Fenkel," and finally "Fennel."

Fennel is also a remedy for digestive problems, such as mild spasms in the stomach or intestines, a feeling of fullness, and intestinal gas. In Asian medicine, it is used for anemia, bloating, heartburn, vomiting, diarrhea, hernia, skin diseases, and repeated bouts of intense thirst; however, its effectiveness for these conditions has not been scientifically verified.

Fenugreek Seed
Fenugreek seed is another popular supplement for increasing milk supply in nursing mothers. It is also very beneficial for helping manage diabetes, atherosclerosis, constipation, and high cholesterol. Fenugreek is a very safe herb to take.

Whole or ground Fenugreek is traditional in Mediterranean and Indian cooking, especially found in most Indian curries and chutneys. It is also a basic Indian pickling spice. Sprouted and used in salads, it provides an excellent source of Vitamin E. Many of its beneficial effects, particularly the inhibition of cholesterol absorption and synthesis, are in the seeds that are rich in dietary fiber. The fibers in these seeds are the main reason they can lower blood sugar and cholersterol levels. This remarkable property has been confirmed in more than one modern study.

Also, said to be equal to quinine in preventing fevers, Fenugreek is comforting to the stomach and has been utilized for diabetes. Fenugreek seeds are employed in the preparation of emollient cataplasms, ointments, and plasters. They give a strong mucilage, which is emollient and a decoction of one ounce of seeds to one pint water is used internally for inflamed conditions of the stomach and intestines. The ground seeds are used to give a maple-flavoring to confectionery.

Feverfew
Feverfew, also known as featherfew and bachelor's buttons, is native to Southwest Europe and was brought to America originally as an ornamental. It is commercially cultivated in Japan, Africa, and Europe. Though Greek and European herbalists traditionally used it to reduce fevers, the herb has a long history of use in traditional and folk medicine as a treatment for disorders often controlled by aspirin, such as fever, headaches, and some of the accompanying symptoms such as nausea and depression.

Historically, the herb has been used as a remedy for headache, inflammation, and as a general substitute for ailments treated with aspirin. Its most popular use is for the prevention of migraine headaches and associated symptoms. Additional benefits include lowered blood pressure, less stomach irritation, and a renewed sense of well-being. It may also relieve dizziness, tinnitus, and painful or sluggish menstruation. Its' extracts have been claimed to relieve asthma, coughs, dermatitis, and worms. It is important to note that pregnant women should not use this herb, and some people have developed mouth ulcers or experienced loss of taste from eating the fresh leaves.

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Recently, Feverfew has been gaining fame as an effective treatment for migraine headaches. It may also help ease diseases caused by chronic inflammation such as arthritis. It is an aromatic plant with a strong and lasting odor. Used externally, it helps as an insect repellent and for treating insect bites. In combination with other ingredients, the Feverfew plant brings such effective relief. Along with this, it works to inhibit the release of two inflammatory substances, serotonin and prostaglandins. Both are believed to contribute to the onset of migraines by inhibiting these amines as well as the production of the chemical histamine. The herb controls inflammation that constricts the blood vessels in the head and prevents blood vessel spasms that may contribute to headaches.

The plant is rich in sesquiterpene lactones, the principal one being parthenolide. Other constituents include essential oils, flavonoid glycosides, pinene derivatives, and costic acid. Feverfew should be taken regularly to receive maximum benefit and protection from migraines. The tea, drunk cold, may also relieve skin perspiration associated with migraines, and has been used to stimulate appetite, and improve digestion and kidney function.

Flax Seed Oil
Flax Seed Oil is known for providing benefits to the circulatory system, immune system, reproductive system, and the central nervous system. Taken regularly, Flax Seed Oil will help improve these systems by counteracting low energy, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, cardiovascular disease, skin problems, arthritis, and the symptoms of menstruation.

Several scientific studies show that consumption of omega-3 oils leads to a substantially lower risk of death from coronary heart disease. Until recently, experts believed the best sources of omega-3 were fish oils; however, Flax Seed Oil contains twice as much omega-3 essential fatty acids as fish oil products, without the fishy aftertaste.

Fo-Ti
Fo-Ti is one of the most widely used Chinese tonic herbs. Well-recognized as a rejuvenating and longevity tonic in China, it is consumed routinely by those concerned with youthful strength and vigor. There is other evidence that Fo-Ti offers natural nutritional support for healthy cholesterol levels.

Fo-Ti is a plant native to China where it continues to be widely grown. Also grown extensively in Japan and Taiwan, traditional Chinese herbalists place great emphasis on the shape and age of the roots, with the older roots being in greater demand. The unprocessed root is sometimes used; however, once it has been boiled in a special liquid made from black beans, it is considered a superior and rather different medicine according to traditional Chinese medicine. The unprocessed root is sometimes called "White Fo-Ti" while the processed root is "Red Fo-Ti". The Chinese common name for Fo-Ti, he-shou-wu, which was the name of a Tang dynasty man whose infertility was supposedly cured by Fo-Ti. In addition, his long life was attributed to the tonic properties of this herb. Since then, traditional Chinese medicine uses Fo-Ti to treat premature aging, weakness, vaginal discharges, numerous infectious diseases, angina pectoris, and impotence. All of the active constituents of Fo-Ti have yet to be determined. Fo-Ti does contain a number of glycosides that account for the herb's use as a remedy for stomach disorders and constipation. Researchers suspect that the roots may contain compounds with mild cardiovascular and anti-inflammatory effects. Along with this, the whole root has been shown to lower cholesterol levels, according to animal and human research, as well as to decrease hardening of the arteries, or arteriosclerosis. Other Fo-Ti research has investigated this herb's role in strong immune function, red blood cell formation, and antibacterial action. It should be noted that the unprocessed root possesses a mild laxative effect.

Garlic
Garlic is a member of the onion family and is nature's most versatile medicinal plant. Garlic has been used all over the world for thousands of years for a wide range of conditions. It has been prized since the first records of civilization for its uses in treating wounds, infections, tumors, and intestinal parasites.

Modern scientists in numerous clinical trials have concluded that Garlic lowers cholesterol, lowers blood pressure, thins the blood (which reduces your risk of heart attack and stroke) and fights bacteria like an antibiotic. Garlic is a potent antioxidant that has been found to inhibit tumor cell formation and is currently being studied by the National Cancer Institute. It may be effective in fighting stomach, skin and colon cancer. Though it is best know as a culinary herb and vampire retardant, the medicinal benefits and claims for garlic have awarded it the name "Wonder Drug among all herbs".

Modern day research helps explain the broad applications of this "miracle" herb. Garlic bulbs contain the amino acid allicin. When crushed, allicin is released. This chemical element is the component that gives Garlic its strong odor and is responsible for the powerful pharmacological properties of the plant. One medium clove of Garlic can equal the antibacterial action equivalent to 1% penicillin. Garlic also contains about 0.5% of a volatile oil that is composed of sulfur-containing compounds. Garlic's sulfur compounds, in addition to Selenium and Vitamins A and C containing compounds, make it a potent antioxidant, protecting cell membranes and DNA from damage and disease.

Although Garlic directly attacks bacteria and viruses, it also stimulates the body's natural defenses against foreign invaders. Garlic is reported to be more effective than penicillin against typhus disease, and works well against strep, staph bacteria, and the organisms responsible for cholera, dysentery and enteritis.

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It is generally regarded as a preventative measure for colds, flu and other infectious diseases. Furthermore, scientific studies have shown that garlic stimulates the production of the liver's own detoxifying enzymes which neutralize carcinogens and other environmental toxins. It has also been used to rid the body of intestinal parasites and to treat digestive infections. Researchers have been studying the anti-cancer properties of Garlic since the 1940's. It appears that the herb may prevent cells from turning cancerous by enhancing the body's mechanisms for removing toxic substances. Garlic's phytochemicals are believed to enhance immunity and the National Cancer Institute (January 1992) reported that people who ate the greatest amount of onions and garlic had the lowest incidence of stomach cancer. Other types of cancer have also been reported as lower.

Furthermore, garlic increases the activity of white blood cells and T-helper cells (natural killer cells), the cells that are central to the activity of the entire immune system.

Garlic supplements can improve many of the processes that can lead to cardiovascular disease. Garlic has been used as a blood thinner and anticoagulant to resolve blood clots and improve circulation. It has been shown to lower cholesterol while increasing the level of beneficial HDLs (high-density lipoproteins), the so-called good cholesterol. Besides this, Garlic has great value as a long-term dietary supplement, helping to maintain healthy circulation, balance blood sugar and pressure, reduce fat levels in the blood, and improve resistance to infection. It can be taken with conventional antibiotics to support their action and ward off side effects. Garlic has also been used in treating upper respiratory infections (especially bronchitis), late-onset diabetes, urinary infections, acne, asthma, sinusitis, arthritis, and ulcers.

Gaurana
Guarana (paulinia cupana) is a world famous plant found primarily in the Amazon Jungle. It has been used for centuries by the Brazilian Indians and is commonly referred to as Brazilian Cocoa. The primary uses of Guarana are as a stimulant, anti-depressant, headache reliever, and to ease PMS.

Ginger Root
Ginger Root is typically grown in India and has been utilized by many for its' therapeutic benefits. Though Ginger has enjoyed use in the Orient for thousands of years as a folk remedy, today Ginger is a favorite culinary spice in Chinese cooking. The primary use of Ginger is for the prevention and treatment of various forms of nausea. These include motion sickness, the nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (morning sickness), and post surgical nausea. It can also be used for anorexia and bronchitis.

Ginkgo Biloba
The Ginkgo Biloba is the oldest living tree species. Chinese monks are credited with keeping the tree in existence, as a sacred herb. It was first brought to Europe in the 1700's and is now a commonly prescribed drug in France and Germany. Not to mention, one of the most well-researched herbs in the world. Ginkgo Biloba effectively improves circulation of the blood, partly by suppressing the action of a substance called the platelet-activating factor. It helps in enhancing blood circulation throughout the body, including erectile tissues in men. This herb is commonly used to increase cerebral blood flow, dilate capillary in the limbs, soften blood vessels, maintain normal blood circulation, and improve memory.

Because of its positive effects on the vascular system, especially in the cerebellum, Ginkgo is gaining recognition as a brain tonic that enhances memory. It is also used as a treatment for vertigo, tinnitus (ringing in the ears), and a variety of neurological disorders and circulation problems. Ginkgo may help to counteract the effects of aging, including mental fatigue and lack of energy. It works by increasing blood flow to the brain and throughout the body's network of blood vessels that supply blood and oxygen to the organ systems, thus it increases metabolism efficiency, regulates neurotransmitters, and boosts oxygen levels in the brain which uses 20% of the body's oxygen. Benefits of enhanced circulation in the brain include improved short and long-term memory, increased reaction time, and improved mental clarity. Ginkgo is often used to treat elderly persons with Alzheimer's and other symptoms of cerebral insufficiency. Cerebral insufficiency is a general term for a collection of symptoms that include difficulties of concentration and memory, absentmindedness, confusion, lack of energy, depressive mood, anxiety, dizziness, tinnitus, and headache.

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Ginkgo has two groups of active substances, flavonoids and terpene lactones, including ginkgolides A, B, and C, bilobalide, quercetin, and kaempferol. The ginkgolides have been shown to control allergic inflammation, anaphylactic shock, and asthma. Ginkgo also acts as a powerful antioxidant and contributes to the oxidation of free radicals that are believed to contribute to premature aging and dementia. Antioxidants also protect the eyes, cardiovascular system, and central nervous system. It may also help control the transformation of cholesterol to plaque associated with the hardening of arteries, and can relax constricted blood vessels.

The herb has been used in treatment of other circulation-related disorders such as diabetic peripheral vascular disease, Raynaud's syndrome, hemorrhoids, and varicose veins. It can also aid in the treatment of insufficient circulation and complications from stroke and skull injuries. Ginkgo's beneficial effects on the circulatory system can aid in the treatment of eye and ear disorders. Studies have confirmed that Ginkgo increases blood flow to the retina, and can slow retinal deterioration resulting in an increase of visual acuity. In clinical tests, Ginkgo has improved hearing loss in the elderly. It also improves circulation in the extremities relieving cold hands and feet, swelling in the limbs, and chronic arterial blockage. Among other things, Ginkgo is being investigated as a potential treatment to prevent the rejection of transplanted organs, as a treatment for asthma, and for toxic shock syndrome.

Ginseng Root
Ginseng is the most famous Chinese herb and one of the most popular healing herbs used today throughout the world. It is the most widely recognized plant used in traditional medicine. Various forms of Ginseng have been used in medicine for more than 7000 years. Several species grow around the world, and though some are preferred for specific benefits, all are considered to have similar properties as an effective general rejuvenator.

The name panax is derived from the Greek word panacea meaning, "all healing" and the benefits of Ginseng are recognized as such. Ginseng is commonly used as an adaptogen, meaning it normalizes physical functioning depending on what the individual needs (for example, it will lower high blood pressure, but raise low blood pressure). It is also used to reduce the effects of stress, improve performance, boost energy levels, enhance memory, and stimulate the immune system. Oriental medicine has deemed Ginseng a necessary element in all their best prescriptions, and regards it as a prevention and a cure. It is said to remove both mental and bodily fatigue, cure pulmonary complaints, dissolve tumors, and reduce the effects of aging.

Ginseng is native to China, Russia, North Korea, Japan, and some areas of North America. It was first cultivated in the United States in the late 1800's. Along with being difficult to grow, it takes 4 to 6 years to become mature enough to harvest. The roots are called Jin-chen, meaning "like a man," in reference to their resemblance to the shape of the human body. Native North Americans considered it one of their most sacred herbs and add it to many herbal formulas to make them more potent. The amazing fact is that the roots can live for over 100 years.

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Ginseng contains Vitamin A, Vitamin B-6, and the mineral Zinc, which aids in the production of thymic hormones (necessary for the functioning of the defense system). The main active ingredients of Ginseng are the more than 25 saponin triterpenoid glycosides called "ginsenosides". These steroid-like ingredients provide the adaptogenic properties that enable Ginseng to balance and counter the effects of stress. The glycosides appear to act on the adrenal glands, helping to prevent adrenal hypertrophy and excessive corticosteroid production in response to physical, chemical, or biological stress.

Studies done in China show that ginsenosides also increase protein synthesis and activity of neurotransmitters in the brain. Ginseng is used to restore memory, enhance concentration, and cognitive abilities, which may be impaired by improper blood supply to the brain. It also helps to maintain excellent body functions. The Siberian Ginseng has been shown to increase energy, stamina, and help the body resist viral infections and environmental toxins. Other research has shown specific effects that support the central nervous system, liver function, lung function, and circulatory system as well. Men have used the herb to improve sexual function and remedy impotence. Along with this, Ginseng is believed to increase estrogen levels in women and is used to treat menopausal symptoms. It also helps with diabetes, radiation and chemotherapy protection, colds, chest problems, to aid in sleep, and to stimulate the appetite.

Goldenseal
Goldenseal is a native American medicinal plant introduced to early settlers by Cherokee Indians who used it as a wash for skin diseases, wounds, and for sore, inflamed eyes. Its roots are bright yellow in color, thus the name. Goldenseal root has acquired a considerable reputation as a natural antibiotic and as a remedy for various gastric and genitourinary disorders. Numerous references to Goldenseal began to appear in medical writings as far back as 1820 as a strong tea for indigestion. Today it is used to treat symptoms of the cold and flu and as an astringent, antibacterial remedy for the mucous membranes of the body.

This popular North American herb grows wild in moist mountainous woodland areas. Goldenseal's long history of use among North Americans flourished after the Civil War as it was an ingredient in many patented medicines. It has been collected to the point of near extinction. Goldenseal supplies are diminishing and most is now wildcrafted, making herbal supplements costly. Primarily used in many combination formulas, it is reported to enhance the potency of other herbs. Preparations have been marketed for the treatment of menstrual disorders, urinary infections, rheumatic and muscular pain, and as an antispasmodic.

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Goldenseal works wonders in combination with Echinacea particularly at the onset of cold and flu symptoms, especially coughs and sore throats. Goldenseal, Echinacea, and Zinc lozenges should be in every medicine cabinet. Goldenseal is a cure-all type of herb that strengthens the immune system, acts as an antibiotic, has anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties, potentiates insulin, and cleanses vital organs. It promotes the functioning capacity of the heart, the lymphatic and respiratory system, the liver, the spleen, the pancreas, and the colon. Taken internally, Goldenseal increases digestive secretions, astringes the mucous membranes that line the gut, and checks inflammation. It also aids digestion by promoting the production of saliva, bile, and other digestive enzymes. In addition, it may control heavy menstrual and postpartum bleeding by means of its astringent action. As a dilute infusion, Goldenseal can be used as an eyewash and as a mouthwash for gum disease and canker sores. Another role is as an effective wash or douche for yeast infections. External applications have been used in the treatment of skin disorders such as psoriasis, eczema, athlete's foot, herpes, and ringworm.

Gotu Kola
Gotu Kola is a slender, creeping plant that grows commonly in swampy areas of India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar, South Africa, and the tropics. Its' fan-shaped leaves are about the size of an old British penny - hence its common names Indian pennywort, marsh penny, and water pennywort. It is regarded as one of the most spiritual and rejuvenating herbs in Ayurveda and is used to improve meditation. It is said to develop the crown chakra, the energy center at the top of the head, and to balance the right and left hemispheres of the brain, which the leaf is said to resemble.

Gotu Kola has been widely used for a number of conditions, particularly in traditional Eastern health care. In Ayurveda, Gotu Kola is one of the chief herbs for revitalizing the nerves and brain cells. It is said to fortify the immune system, both cleansing and feeding it, and to strengthen the adrenals. It has been used as a tonic for purification of blood and for promoting healthy skin. Also, it has been useful to aid in restful sleep, treat skin inflammations, as a treatment for high blood pressure, and as a mild diuretic.

The leaves of this swamp plant have been used around the world for centuries to treat leprosy, cancer, skin disorders, arthritis, hemorrhoids, and tuberculosis. In recent years, Gotu Kola has become popular in the West as a nerve tonic to promote relaxation and to enhance memory. The herbs calming properties make it well suited for overcoming insomnia and making one calm for yoga and meditative practices. It is commonly used to rebuild energy reserves improve memory and treat fatigue, both mental and physical. Referred to as "food for the brain," this oriental herb has demonstrated mild tranquilizing, anti-anxiety, and anti-stress effects, as well as improving mental functions such as concentration and memory. It has a calming effect on the body and is chiefly used to support the central nervous system. These beneficial qualities make Gotu Kola an excellent herb for children with ADD/ADHD, because it has a stimulating effect on the brain that increases one's ability to focus while having a soothing and relaxing effect on an overactive nervous system.

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Gotu Kola is not related to kola nut and contains no caffeine. There are three main chemical constituents in Gotu Kola. The first is asiaticoside, which is a triterpene glycoside and classified as an antibiotic. It aids in wound healing and has been used in the treatment of leprosy and tuberculosis in the Far East. The second constituent is a pair of chemicals, brahmoside and brahminoside, which are saponin glycosides. These are diuretic in nature and have a slightly sedative action in large doses. Finally, there is madecassoside, a glycoside that is a strong anti-inflammatory agent. The plant is also a source of Vitamin K, magnesium, calcium, and Sodium. Gotu Kola has been found to have significant results in healing of skin, other connective tissues, lymph tissue, blood vessels, and mucous membranes.

Gotu Kola affects various stages of tissue development, including keratinization (the process of replacing skin after sores or ulcers), the synthesis of collagen (the first step in tissue repair), the stimulation of hair and nail growth, and support for the repair of cartilage. Gotu Kola has been effectively used in the treatment of second and third degree burns. It has been shown to decrease healing time and reduce scar tissue formation. Recent studies show that Gotu Kola also has a positive effect on the circulatory system. It seems to improve the flow of blood throughout the body by strengthening the veins and capillaries. Gotu Kola has been shown to be particularly useful for people who are inactive or confined to bed due to illness. The herb has been used successfully to treat phlebitis (inflammation of the veins), varicose veins, as well as leg cramps, swelling of the legs, and "heaviness" or tingling in the legs. In modern health care, it has been used for venous insufficiency, localized inflammation and infection, and post-surgery recovery.

Hawthorn Berry
Hawthorn Berry has been used since the Middle Ages to support the heart and normalize cardiovascular functions. Today, Hawthorn Berry is one of the most valuable medicinal herbs used in the treatment of congestive heart failure and circulatory disorders. European studies have shown that this botanical increases blood flow to the heart and brain, protects the heart from irregular beats, enhances the strength of the heart's contractions, and mildly lowers blood pressure. Compounds in Hawthorn Berry can help protect the heart against oxygen deprivation, a condition that often leads to angina, a disease marked by intense chest pain.

Since Hawthorn Berry is rich in bioflavonoids, it relaxes and dilates the arteries. These compounds are powerful antioxidants that help increase the flow of blood and oxygen to the heart. This reduces the work required by the heart to circulate blood, which in-turn reduces blood pressure and stress to the heart muscle. The bioflavonoid substances give strength to the walls of blood vessels and improve blood flow to other areas of the body. Components in Hawthorn Berry have also shown to lower cholesterol and the amount of plaque in arteries. Hawthorn Berry normalizes heart action, which benefits the entire body by improving circulation and increasing tolerance for physical exertion. The herb appears to increase the power of the heart's contractions, making the organ more efficient. It helps prevent irregular heartbeats, called arrhythmias, which can lead to heart attacks.

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Hawthorn Berry's flowers, leaves and berries are all used in herbal supplements. Each is high in flavonoid content, which gives the plant powerful antioxidant properties. Hawthorn Berry contain three groups of compounds, which are key to the plant's positive effects on the cardiovascular system. These constituent groups are the triterpenoid saponins, the amines, and the flavonoids. By inhibiting free radical formation, Hawthorn Berry's antioxidant activity can be beneficial in maintaining healthy heart vessels and promoting overall heart health.

Hawthorn Berry is also a diuretic, helping to rid the body of excess salt and water and thus supporting weight-loss programs. It has been used treat digestive problems, nervous tension, insomnia, and sore throat. Combined with Ginkgo Biloba, it works to enhance poor memory by improving circulation of blood within the head and increasing the amount of oxygen to the brain. The herb is best-used long term, because the active constituents do not produce rapid results. The benefits develop slowly, and have a direct effect on the heart itself, especially in cases of heart damage and heart problems associated with liver disease. It is gentle and safe for long-term use with no toxic side effects.

Hops
Hops is an extremely useful nervine herb that has been traditionally used to calm the central nervous system, nervous agitation, restlessness, anxiety, hysteria, alcoholic delirium tremens, nervous, and induce sleep. It is also used for mood disturbances, restlessness, anxiety and sleep disturbances, excitability, and tenseness.

Kava Kava
Kava Kava is an herb, member of the pepper family, and grows as a bush in the South Pacific. Explorer Captain James Cook, who gave this plant the botanical name of "intoxicating pepper," first discovered Kava Kava. Records show that it has been used for over 3,000 years for its medicinal effects as a sedative, muscle relaxant, diuretic, and as a remedy for nervousness and insomnia.

The botanical has been used in parts of the Pacific at traditional social gatherings as a relaxant and in cultural and religious ceremonies to achieve a higher level of consciousness. The roots can be made into a mildly narcotic beverage that is comparable to popular cocktails in our culture. In Germany, Kava Kava is used as a nonprescription drug to reduce anxiety. It was first mentioned in scientific records in 1886 and is gaining popularity in the US for its relaxing effects. More recently, Kava Kava has also gained popularity with the natives of Hawaii, Australia, and New Guinea where it is used medicinally as well as recreationally. Kava Kava also is effective as a pain reliever and can be used instead of aspirin, acetaminophen, and ibuprofen.

Recent clinical studies have shown that the herb Kava Kava is a safe non-addictive, anti-anxiety medicine, and as effective as prescription anxiety agents containing benzodiazepines such as valium. While benzodiazepines tend to promote lethargy and mental impairment, Kava Kava has been shown to improve concentration, memory, and reaction time for people suffering from anxiety. It has been clinically demonstrated as a means of achieving a state of relaxation without the adverse side effects.

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Kava Kava is mildly narcotic and produces mild euphoric changes characterized by elevated mood, fluent and lively speech, and increased sense of sound. Higher doses can lead to muscle weakness, visual impairment, dizziness, and drying of the skin. Long-term use of the herb can contribute to hypertension, reduced protein levels, blood cell abnormalities, or liver damage. Alcohol consumption increases the toxicity of the pharmacological constituents and it is not recommended for those who intend on driving or where quick reaction time is required.

It has also been used in the treatment of ailments of the genitourinary tract including vaginitis, gonorrhea, and menstrual cramps. Kava Kava is a diuretic and an anti-inflammatory, thus useful for gout, rheumatism, bronchial congestion, cystitis, and prostatis. It is also an effective local anesthetic and pain reliever when applied externally as a liniment. The relaxed state and sharpening of senses also contribute to aphrodisiac effect.

Lavendar
This English garden herb is highly regarded for its classic fragrance in soap and potpourris, but Lavender is also an important medicinal herb. Originally, the oil from the flower was used to protect cloths and stored linens from moths. Also, it was, and is, used as a scent in air fresheners. Oil distilled from the flower has applications as a stimulant, tonic, headache relief, and for relief of intestinal gas. It is also used to quiet coughs and disinfect wounds. Applied as a compress, lavender oil provides relief from neuralgic pains, rheumatism, sprains, and sore joints.

An aromatic nervine for restlessness, insomnia, circulatory disorders, anxiety, depression, stress, burns, headache, acne, sore muscles, stiff joints, and hair loss. This wonderful skin care herb is used to reduce oiliness, puffy eyes, and maintain a balanced healthy texture.

Licorice Root
Licorice is a perennial herb native to southern Europe, Asia, and the Mediterranean. It is extensively cultivated in Russia, Spain, Iran, and India, and is one of the most popular and widely consumed herbs in the world. Although many know this herb for its flavoring in candy, Licorice contains many health benefits. Ancient cultures on every continent have used Licorice, the first recorded use by the Egyptians in the 3rd century BC. The Egyptians and the Greeks recognized the herb's benefits in treating coughs and lung disease. Licorice is the second most prescribed herb in China followed by Ginseng, which is suggested for treatment of the spleen, liver and kidney. The Japanese use a Licorice preparation to treat hepatitis.

The most common medical use for Licorice is for treating upper respiratory ailments including coughs, hoarseness, sore throat, and bronchitis. It can be as effective as codeine, and safer, when used as a cough suppressant. Rhizomes in Licorice have a high mucilage content which, when mixed with water or used in cough drops, sooths irritated mucous membranes. The drug also has an expectorant effect that increases the secretion of the bronchial glands. Licorice is an effective remedy for throat irritations, lung congestion, and bronchitis.

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Homeopathic use of Licorice for gastric irritation dates back to the first century. Today, herbal preparations are used to treat stomach and intestinal ulcers, lower acid levels and coat the stomach wall with a protective gel. Rarely used alone, it is a common component of many herbal teas as a mild laxative, a diuretic, and for flatulence. It has also been known to relieve rheumatism and arthritis, regulate low blood sugar, and is effective for Addison's disease. The root extract produces mild estrogenic effects, and it has proven useful in treating symptoms of menopause, regulating menstruation, and relieving menstrual cramps.

The main ingredient glycyrrhizin has also been studied for it's anti-viral properties in the treatment of AIDS. In clinical trials in Japan, it prevented progression of the HIV virus by inhibiting cell infection and inducing interferon activity. Glycyrrhizin also encourages the production of hormones such as hydrocortisone which give it anti-inflammatory properties. Like cortisone it can relieve arthritic and allergy symptoms, without the side effects. The constituent glycyrrhizin is 50 times sweeter than sugar, making it a widely used ingredient in the food industry. The distinctive flavor of Licorice makes it a popular additive to baked confections, liqueurs, ice cream, and candies. It is also widely used in other medicines to mask bitter tastes and also to prevent pills from sticking together. Licorice has also been used in poultices for treatment of dermatitis and skin infections. Along with that, it helps to open the pores and is used in combination with other cleansing and healing herbs as an emollient.

Maitake Mushroom
Maitake Mushroom (Grifola frondosa) is indigenous to northeastern Japan and has been prized in traditional Japanese herbology. It is rich in Vitamin C, D-2, B-2, niacin, magnesium, potassium, calcium, dietary fibers, and amino acids. Maitake Mushroom is known as a first class adaptogen ("adaptogen" means a substance that boosts optimal full body system functioning). It has a high content of the polysaccharide compound, Beta-glucan, which enhances cellular immune function.

Studies indicate that the fruit body of the whole Maitake Mushroom helps to regulate blood pressure, blood sugar, cholesterol, triglycerides, and body weight. It is also used for constipation.

Melatonin
Melatonin is the all-natural nightcap. It's secreted by the pineal gland, a pea-size structure at the center of the brain, as our eyes register the fall of darkness. At night, Melatonin is produced to help our bodies regulate our sleep-wake cycles. The amount of it produced by our body seems to lessen as we get older. Scientists believe this may be why young people have less problems sleeping than older people.

"Studies suggest that... supplements can hasten sleep and ease jet lag, without the hazards or side effects of prescription sleeping pills." It may have many other uses and has been reported to make people feel better, strengthen the immune system, and reduce free radicals in the body. Current research is underway to determine its' effect as an anti-oxidant, imuno-modulator in cancer, delayed sleep-phase disorders, and jet lag. Tests are still under way so there is much to still be learned about it and its effects on the human body." (Newsweek Magazine)

Milk Thistle
This plant is native to the Mediterranean and grows wild throughout Europe, North America, and Australia. Milk Thistle has been used in Europe as a remedy for liver problems for thousands of years. Its' use was recorded in the first century (AD 23-79), noting that the plant was excellent for protecting the liver. In the 19th century the Eclectics used the herb for varicose veins, menstrual difficulty, and congestion in the liver, spleen, and kidneys. Milk Thistle has also been taken to increase breast-milk production, stimulate the secretion of bile, and as a treatment for depression.

Milk Thistle nutritionally supports the liver's ability to maintain normal liver function. It has shown positive effects in treating nearly every known form of liver disease, including cirrhosis, hepatitis, necroses, and liver damage due to drug and alcohol abuse. Milk Thistle works due to its ability to inhibit the factors responsible for liver damage, coupled with the fact it stimulates production of new liver cells to replace old damaged ones.

The detrimental effects of environmental toxins, alcohol, drugs, and chemotherapy may be countered with this valuable herb. The active chemical component in the herb is silybin, which functions as an antioxidant and is one of the most potent liver protective agents known. Clinical trials have proven silybin to be effective in treating chronic liver diseases and in protecting the liver from toxic chemicals. One thing for sure, Milk Thistle is an antioxidant that is more potent than Vitamins C and Vitamin E.

Mullein
Mullein Leaf has served many purposes over the centuries, from making candlewicks to casting out evil spirits, but as a medicine, it was primarily used to treat diarrhea, respiratory diseases, and hemorrhoids. Mullein leaves and flowers are classified in traditional herbal literature as expectorants and demulcents. A common wildflower native to much of Europe and Asia, it can grow almost anywhere. Mullein leaves and flowers are classified in traditional herbal literature as expectorants (promoting the discharge of mucus) and demulcents (soothing irritated mucous membranes).

Historically, Mullein has been used by herbalists as a remedy for the respiratory tract, particularly in cases of irritating coughs with bronchial congestion. Some herbal texts extend the therapeutic use to pneumonia and asthma. The leaves of Mullein were fed to animals that cough and the tall stalks of this plant were once dipped in tallow and lit as torches. The leaves, though somewhat irritating, were also worn in the shoes to improve circulation to the feet and to buffer thinning soles. The soft Mullein leaves have long been used by children as doll blankets, and the seeds were once used by Native Americans to paralyze fish and make them easier to catch.

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The primary chemical constituents of Mullein include resin, saponins, glycoside (aucubin), flavonoids (hesperidin, verbascoside), choline, magnesium, saponins, mucilage, tannins, and carotene. Mullein also contains iron, magnesium, potassium, sulfur, and calcium phosphate. Different parts of the plant have different properties. The leaves are anodyne, antibacterial, antispasmodic, astringent, demulcent, diuretic, expectorant, mucilaginous, sedative, and vulnerary. The flowers are antispasmodic, demulcent, emollient, mucilaginous, nervine, and sedative. In general, Mullein reduces inflammation of the trachea and soothes irritated tissues. Due to its mucilage content, Mullein has also been used topically by herbalists as a soothing emollient for inflammatory skin conditions and burns. Externally, an extract of this herb made in olive oil is excellent in soothing and healing any inflamed surface or easing ear problems. Mullein flowers are also made into an oil for the treatment of frostbite, ringworm, hemorrhoids, and bruises. Along with this, the leaves have been smoked to treat asthma and bronchitis. Mullein has also been known to relieve constipation, counter-act sleeplessness, protect the kidneys, and help ease nervous tension.

Nettle
A popular herb for men's health, Nettle nourishes the kidneys and the urinary tract. It contains high amounts of iodine, which makes it beneficial for the thyroid gland - your body's "internal thermostat." Nettle is also rich in Vitamins A and C, iron, calcium, magnesium, potassium, and chlorophyll.

It is also known by the names of Stinging Nettle, Common Nettle, Net Plant, and Devils Leaf. The Stinging Nettle is distributed throughout the temperate regions of Europe and Asia. The plant is also found in Japan, South Africa, and Australia. The whole plant is covered with "stinging hairs" having very sharp spines which are hollow and arise from a swollen base. These spines contain venom, an acrid fluid, the active principle of which is said to be bicarbonate of ammonia. When the spine pierces the skin, the venom is instantly released, causing the resultant irritation and inflammation. The sting of a Nettle may can be relieved by rubbing the skin with the fresh-cut leaves of Rosemary, Mint, or Sage.

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Nettle has a long history of use. The tough fibers from the plant stem have been used to make cloth, and cooked Nettle leaves were eaten as vegetables. From ancient Greece to the present, Nettle has been documented for its use in treating coughs, tuberculosis, arthritis, and in stimulating hair growth. There has been a great deal of controversy regarding the identity of Nettle's active constituents. Primary chemical constituents found in Stinging Nettle include formic acid, betaine, histamine, acetylcholine, glucoquinone, chlorogenic acid, mucilage, tannin, silica, beta carotene, calcium, iron, chlorophyll, and choline. Currently, it is believed that polysaccharides (complex sugars) and lectins (large protein-sugar molecules) are probably the most active constituents. The leaf has been shown to be anti-inflammatory by preventing the body from making inflammatory chemicals known as prostaglandins. Nettle's root affects hormones and proteins that carry sex hormones (such as testosterone or estrogen) in the human body. These may explain why this herb helps with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Using Nettle tea to water garden plants stimulates their growth and makes them more resistant to bugs. Plants growing close to Nettle tend to be stronger in their volatile oils. When added to the compost pile, Nettle hastens breakdown. Nettle stalks are strong and can be woven to make sails or twine. When lactating animals are fed Nettles, they produce more milk and chickens produce more eggs. Throughout Europe, Stinging Nettles are used as a spring tonic and general detoxifying remedy. In some cases of rheumatism and arthritis, this herb can be astoundingly successful. As an astringent, Nettles may be used for nosebleeds, or to relieve the symptoms wherever there is hemorrhage in the body. Traditional herbalists believed that Nettle tea was a great hair tonic and will bring back the natural color of hair. The leaves are an excellent blood purifier. Known topical applications for this herb include use as a shampoo, conditioner, and hair rinse for dandruff, and for stimulation of hair growth and prevention of hair loss. It is also a cleanser for oily skin, and as an astringent facial cleaner.

Olive
June 25, 2003 Add 1 lb. of Veggies and Olive Oil, by Nanci Hellmich, USA TODAY

Eating a traditional Mediterranean diet, including a pound of vegetables and several tablespoons of olive oil a day, may reduce your risk of dying from heart disease, cancer and other causes, suggests a large new study from Greece.

This adds to the growing body of evidence on the health benefits of this diet, which is rich in vegetables, fruits, beans, whole-grain breads and olive oil. In Greece, the diet contains a moderate amount of fish and dairy products and is low in meat. Wine is consumed in moderation and generally during meals.

The Mediterranean diet varies between countries and regions, but it usually gets about 30% to 40% of total calories from fat, mostly olive oil, a monounsaturated fat.

For the latest study, researchers at the University of Athens and Harvard University tracked more than 22,000 adults, ages 20 to 86, in Greece for almost four years.

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They interviewed them about what they ate and drank, portion sizes and how often they ate. They also questioned them about their activity and smoking habits. They measured their height, weight and waist circumference.

Then, participants were rated on a scale of 0 to 9, based on how closely they stuck to the traditional Mediterranean diet. The higher the score, the better the adherence.

Among the findings in Thursday's New England Journal of Medicine: - A two-point increase in the adherence score was associated with a 25% reduced risk of death from all causes, a 33% reduced risk of death from heart disease and a 24% reduced risk of death from cancer. - Individual foods alone did not have the same effect on the risk of death.

"It seems it's the total Mediterranean diet that's protective, rather than individual food groups," says lead author Antonia Trichopoulou, a professor of nutrition at the University of Athens Medical School.

People in Greece eat about a pound of vegetables a day, mostly cooked because it would be impossible to eat that quantity of raw vegetables, she says. "We cook a stew of vegetables with eggplant, zucchini, okra, wild greens in olive oil with garlic, onion and herbs." Salads are served with fish, and vegetables like zucchini and spinach are boiled and seasoned with lemon and olive oil, she says.

This Mediterranean diet probably has six to nine servings of vegetables a day, says Colleen Doyle, director of nutrition and physical activity for the American Cancer Society. That's far more than what most Americans eat, which is believed to be between two and three servings a day, she says.

But would time-pressed Americans who were weaned on fast food and processed fare really want to eat this way? With this diet, you may have to spend more time in the kitchen, "but you will live longer," says Dimitrios Trichopoulos, a co-author on the study and a professor of cancer prevention at the Harvard School of Public Health. "It's a matter of choice." For a lot of people, this diet probably seems like a stretch, but it's something they should be striving for, Doyle says.

"This is another study that shows if we'd focus more on fruits, vegetables and whole grains and eat less red meat and high-fat dairy products, we'd be a lot healthier," she says.

Passionflower
Passion Flower is used for nervous restlessness, anxiety, insomnia, depression, alcoholismand headaches. Passionflower's gentle sedative properties produce a relaxing effect, reducing nervous over-activity and panic, and making it a mild and non-addictive herbal tranquilizer. It is definitely an effective calmant as well and its effects are primarily on the nervous system.

Pau d'arco
Pau d'arco has a long history in herbal medicine around the world. In South American herbal medicine, it is considered to be an astringent, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, and laxative. Used to treat ulcers, syphilis, urinary tract infections, psoriasis, gastrointestinal problems, candidiasis, cancer, diabetes, prostatitis, constipation, and allergies. It is also used in Brazilian herbal medicine for many conditions including cancer, leukemia, ulcers, diabetes, candida, rheumatism, arthritis, prostatitis, dysentery, stomatitis, and boils. In North American herbal medicine, Pau d'arco is considered to be an analgesic, antioxidant, antiparasitic, antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and laxative, as well as to have anticancerous properties. It is used for fevers, infections, colds, flu, syphilis, cancer, respiratory problems, skin ulcerations, boils, dysentery, gastrointestinal problems of all kinds, arthritis, prostatitis, and circulation disturbances. Pau d'arco also is employed in herbal medicine systems in the United States for lupus, diabetes, ulcers, leukemia, allergies, liver disease, Hodgkin's disease, osteomyelitis, Parkinson's disease, and psoriasis, and is a popular remedy for candida and yeast infections. The recorded uses in European herbal medicine systems reveal that it is used in much the same way as in the United States and for the same conditions.

The chemical constituents and active ingredients of Pau d'arco have been well documented. Its' use with (and reported cures for) various types of cancers fueled much of the early research in the early 1960s. The plant contains a large percentage of chemicals known as quinoids, and a small quantity of benzenoids and flavonoids. These quinoids (and, chiefly, anthraquinones, furanonaphthoquinones, lapachones, and naphthoquinones) have shown the most documented biological activity and are seen to be the center of the plant's efficacy as an herbal remedy. In the 1960s, plant extracts of the heartwood and bark demonstrated marked antitumorous effects in animals, which drew the interest of the National Cancer Institute (NCI).

Plantago Major
Plantago Major consists of the dried leaves of Plantago major L. (Fam. Plantaginaceae) gathered during the flowering period. The plant is a native British herb, with a basal rosette of leaves which abruptly contract into long petioles, bearing a long cylindrical spike up to 50 cm tall, green-brown with lilac and yellow stamens protruding.

This glycoside has been studied and numerous scientific papers have been written about this particular member of the monoterpene family. The anti-toxic, anti-inflammatory, and expectorant characteristics suggest why the plant is useful in lung disorders, and as inferences as to the effect of the Plantago Major on smokers. Exact cause and effect relationships are not yet fully understood; however, the above suggests real reasons for the noted effects on smokers.

Psyllium
Rich in soluble fiber, Psyllium seeds and their husks have long been enlisted to ease constipation and digestive system upset. During the Middle Ages, Arab physicians regularly recommended a formula for constipation that included Psyllium as a principal ingredient. Today, a number of studies suggest that Psyllium may also be effective in lowering cholesterol, promoting weight loss (it makes you feel full), and aiding in healing numerous other conditions. Psyllium's reddish brown-to-black seeds are so tiny that that they are occasionally referred to as "flea seeds." Odorless and tasteless, they are commonly added to laxatives, other herbal cures, and even to certain breakfast cereals.